Cyber security risks encompass a variety of threats, including unauthorised access to information and data, malicious attacks, and hacking activities. Therefore, organisations must stay vigilant as they navigate the complex landscape of potential security events, ensuring they are prepared to address and resolve cyber incidents effectively.
Here are common breach types with definitions to illustrate their severity:
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1. Unauthorised Access Attacks
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Phishing Schemes: Deceptive emails, such as the notorious "Business Email Compromise" (BEC) attack, are artfully orchestrated by cybercriminals. In this scheme, an employee, believing they are responding to an urgent request from a senior executive, unwittingly discloses crucial financial information. This breach leads to unauthorised access and potential financial loss.
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Social Engineering Tactics: Picture an attacker leveraging a seemingly harmless interaction on a social media platform. They carefully collect benign information from an employee's online presence to create a trustworthy persona. Over time, this persona gains the target's trust, leading to the extraction of sensitive information during seemingly routine conversations. This tactic showcases how social engineering leverages human psychology to achieve malicious goals.
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Exploitation of Vulnerabilities: This is where a hacker capitalises on a zero-day vulnerability within commonly used software. By exploiting this security gap through an unpatched system, the attacker breaches the organisation's network, putting confidential data and business operations at risk.