How to Approach OT Security in an Increasingly Connected World

There is a growing realisation that in today’s digital age there is greater need for OT security. It has become important to ensure robust security of OTs as connected devices are on the rise and automation has been increasing across various industries. This blog addresses how to approach OT security in an increasingly connected world, identifying key challenges and best practices.

Understanding OT Security

Operational Technology refers to the software systems and hardware infra that manages the industrial operations. These systems are used by critical infrastructure such as manufacturing plants, oil and gas facilities, and mining operations. As these OT systems increasingly interconnect, they become more vulnerable to cyber-attacks and more OT system vulnerabilities are found.

Key Challenges in OT Security

Visibility:

Understanding the Network: The first step towards securing the OT system involves having full visibility into the network. What you can’t see is you can’t protect. The traditional methods like manual databases and signatures do not work well enough in a complicated OT environment.

Machine Learning for Visibility: Visibility is continuously improving with machine learning which detects all devices on the network, their model, software version, and vulnerabilities.

Segmentation:

Zero-Trust Principles: Segmentation involves defining who can communicate with whom based on zero-trust principles. By default, no communication is allowed, and only necessary connections are permitted.
Automating Policies: Manual policy setting has a considerable error possibility. Automated tools help in the creation and enforcement of policies that allow only authorised interactions, thereby reducing the risk of lateral movement by attackers.

Advanced Threat Detection:

Sophisticated Attacks: Attackers use advanced techniques to exploit vulnerabilities as OT systems become more connected. For these evolving threats traditional signature-based detection is inadequate.

Real-Time Threat Detection: Using machine learning for real-time inline threat detection is important. This helps to identify and mitigate previously not known threats by improving protection of OT systems.

Legacy Systems:

Simplifying Operations: Many OT environments are operating on legacy systems which were not designed with modern security considerations in mind. For security and compliance simplifying or modernising these systems is essential.

Compliance and Audit Readiness: OT environments must be audit-ready and should comply with regulations. This entails keeping detailed records about devices, communication patterns and protective measures taken.

Best Practices for Enhancing OT Security

Adopting a Zero-Trust Architecture

No Implied Trust: Make sure that no device or user is trusted by default. Continual verification of identity and authorisation will be needed.

Access Control: Implement strict access controls so that only specific users and devices can access given data, applications, and infrastructure components.

Lifecycle Management of OT Devices:

Patch Management: Regularly update and patch devices to protect industrial systems against known vulnerabilities. Managing devices running end-of-life software.
Automated Updates: Use automated systems to manage updates and patches, reducing the burden on plant operators and minimising downtime.

Simplifying Operations:

Reducing Complexity: Avoid adding point solutions that increase operational complexity. Integrate security solutions into the existing infrastructure to streamline operations.

It is possible to reduce operational costs by implementing a comprehensive security system that enhances efficiency without disrupting business processes.

The ROI of Implementing an OT Security Program:

60% of cyber attacks on OT networks result in downtime of more than a day. One should look at investment in OT security assessment beyond compliance but rather as providing an opportunity for significant ROI. Effective OT security solutions can help reduce downtime, prevent expensive breaches, and ensure that operations continue smoothly. By having strong security protocols in place, organisations can avoid disastrous effects of critical infrastructure attacks.

Securing Critical Infrastructure

56% of organisations do not identify OT as a greater risk than IT. The consequences of an OT security breach can be severe, affecting not only the organisation but also the broader economy and public safety. Securing critical infrastructure involves a multi-layered approach:

Visibility: Achieve full visibility into the OT network without the need for additional sensors or equipment.
Policy Automation: Automatically create and enforce segmentation policies based on zero-trust principles.
Continuous Monitoring: Minimise Attack Surface through continuous threat monitoring.
Simplified Operations: Ensure that security measures simplify rather than complicate operations, allowing plant owners to focus on their core business objectives.

How can Microminder CS can help:

OT Security Solutions: Microminder's OT Security Solutions offer organisations tailored security measures specifically designed for Operational Technology environments. Only 35% of businesses have an OT and IT cybersecurity strategy. These solutions encompass network segmentation, intrusion detection/prevention systems, endpoint protection, and other OT-focused security controls. They ensure compliance with Saudi Arabia's OT regulations and adhere to the best practices outlined in Saudi cybersecurity guidelines.

OT Security Assessments: Microminder provides OT compliance assessment services in Saudi Arabia, which include thorough evaluations of OT systems to identify vulnerabilities, assess compliance with Saudi Arabia's regulatory OT security standards, and recommend remediation measures. These assessments help organisations gain insights into their current security posture, prioritise security initiatives, and ensure alignment with Saudi Arabia's OT security regulations.

Compliance Consulting Services: Microminder's Compliance Consulting Services offer expert guidance and support to organisations navigating the complex landscape of cybersecurity regulations in Saudi Arabia. Leveraging Microminder's expertise, organisations can develop customised compliance strategies, implement essential controls, and ensure adherence to regulatory requirements, including those pertaining to OT security.

Incident Response Retainer: Microminder's Cyber Security Incident Response Retainer provides organisations with access to a team of experienced cybersecurity professionals ready to offer rapid assistance during a cyber incident affecting OT systems. Having a dedicated incident response team on standby enhances organisation’s preparedness to promptly and effectively address cybersecurity threats, thereby mitigating the potential impact on critical infrastructure.

Vulnerability Management Services: Regularly evaluating OT systems for vulnerabilities is essential for mitigating risks linked to IT-OT convergence. Microminder's vulnerability management services help organisations identify and prioritise vulnerabilities within OT environments, facilitating proactive risk management and timely patching of OT software.

Security Awareness & Training Services: Due to the shortage of expertise in OT security, it is crucial to provide comprehensive security awareness training for OT personnel. Microminder CS provides customised training programs designed to educate OT staff on cybersecurity best practices, empowering them to effectively identify and respond to security threats in converged environments.

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Conclusion

In an increasingly connected world OT security is paramount. By understanding the key challenges, adopting best practices, and leveraging advanced technologies, organisations can protect their critical infrastructure from evolving threats. A robust industrial cybersecurity strategy not only ensures compliance but also enhances operational efficiency and resilience.